Findings from a new report by the Board on Radiation Effects Research....

Studies show that exposure to radioidine from a radiation incident, such as a nuclear power plant accident, can increase the risk of thyroid cancer and other thyroid diseases in susceptible populations. Taking potassium iodide (KI) pills in the hours before or after exposure to radioiodine can protect against thyroid-related health effects. However, there is a need for more effective KI distribution and pre-distribution strategies to assure timely availability of KI to appropriate populations in the event of a radiological incident involving radioiodine.

On December 4, 2003, the National Research Council's Board on Radiation Effects Research released Distribution and Administration of Potassium Iodide (KI) in the Event of a Nuclear Incident, a report that addresses the following issues:

1. Projected benefits and harms of a potassium iodide distribution program as part of a nuclear incident preparedness program.
2. Most effective and safe way to distribute and administer potassium iodide on a mass scale to prevent radiation effects.
3. Populations that should be included in the potassium iodide distribution program.
4. Appropriate roles for local, state and federal agencies related to potassium iodide distribution in such a preparedness program.